UV-Vis spectrophotometry is arguably the most common as well as one of the oldest forms of absorption-based analysis. UV and visible regions of the electromagnetic spectrum are contiguous: UV wavelengths range from 10 to 4000 angstroms; visible wavelengths range from 4000 to 7000 angstroms.
In this eBook, you’ll learn about:
- Questions to ask when buying a UV-Vis spectrophotometer
- How UV-Vis spectroscopy withstands the test of time
- Water purity for spectrophotometry applications
- Using spectroscopy to monitor toxicity
- How UV-Vis devices reveal more of nature
- UV-Vis spectrophotometers for building better beverages
ULTRAVIOLET-VISIBLE
(UV-VIS) SPECTROSCOPY
RESOURCE GUIDE
? Questions to Ask When Buying
a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer
? How UV-Vis Spectroscopy
Withstands the Test of Time
? Water Purity for
Spectrophotometry
Applications
? Using Spectroscopy to
Monitor Toxicity
? How UV-Vis Devices
Reveal More of Nature
? UV-Vis Spectrophotometers for
Building Better Beverages
2Lab Manager
Questions to
Ask When
Buying a UV-Vis
Spectrophotometer
by Lab Manager
UV-Vis spectrophotometry is arguably the most common as
well as one of the oldest forms of absorption-based analysis.
UV and visible regions of the electromagnetic spectrum
are contiguous: UV wavelengths range from 10 to 4000
angstroms; visible wavelengths range from 4000 to 7000
angstroms.
6 Questions You Should Ask When Buying a
UV-Vis Spectrophotometer
1. For what applications will you be using the instrument
for? This will help you determine the detection range you
require. Don’t forget to consider future applications that
may require a broader range.
2. What range of stray light performance are you comfort-
able with for your application and budget?
3. What types of samples will you be measuring and what
range of wavelengths will you require for those samples?
For example, if it is a turbid or concentrated liquid or
a solid sample that is optically thick, you may require
a working absorbance range between ?ve to eight ang-
stroms or higher.
4. What level of throughput and reliability do you need?
5. Do you need an instrument that can support
multiple samples?
6. How much will the instrument cost? Don’t forget to
factor in the cost of maintenance, etc., along with the
cost of acquisition.
Maintenance Tip
UV-Vis spectrophotometers aren’t very
demanding to take care of. All they need is
regular cleaning and careful monitoring of
the lamp life. Just keeping the instrument in a
clean place, if possible, can help. As for lamp
life, many of today’s instruments will send an
alert when it’s time to change the lamp if it falls
below a certain output. Dim lamps generate
less light and more noise, so it’s important to
change them when needed.
UV-Vis Spectroscopy Resource Guide
3Lab Manager
How UV-Vis
Spectroscopy
Withstands the
Test of Time
The workhorse of spectroscopy instrumentation
by Angelo DePalma, PhD
Whether samples are liquids, solids, or gases, nearly every
laboratory has a UV-Vis spectrometer that serves as a work-
horse for dozens of applications. In terms of cost/e?ort versus
capabilities, UV-Vis instruments can be a great bargain.
Why has a technique more than two
centuries old become so popular?
The interaction between light and matter is both funda-
mental and informative. At an atomic level, photon-induced
electronic transitions provide highly speci?c and highly
quantitative information, far greater than what is possible
with the human eye in terms of sensitivity, wavelength range,
and spectral resolution.
Since the ?rst commercial recording of the UV-Vis spectro-
photometer improvements have been steady, particularly with
respect to detector technology (e.g., today’s photodiode array)
and source technology (xenon ?ash lamp).
These advances have enhanced productivity by providing
faster scan rates and greatly simplifying sample preparation.
Performance improvements have been supported by rapid ad-
vances in electronics, ?rmware, and software controls, making
today’s UV-Vis spectrophotometers more ?exible, adaptable,
compact, and easier to use than ever.
Broad applicability and recognition of UV-Vis spectroscopy
by pharmaceutical industry regulators continues to drive
further improvements. Usage trends today encompass entire
work?ows, leading to dedicated methodology, improved data
security and veri?ability, targeted sample handling and mea-
surement options, and greater automation.
Mature, ubiquitous, strong
UV-Vis methods and instrumentation are mature but ubiq-
uitous, and still very strong. Sales continue to surge in the
chemicals, semiconductors, food, beverage, and pharmaceuti-
cal industries, and, of course, at colleges.
What keeps UV-Vis going is its varied application base. Since
most customers have unique applications vendors must sell a
solution instead of a box.
The story of instrumentation shrinking in size and becoming
more portable, is well known. Fully functional UV-Vis spec-
trometers have been di?cult to shrink to portability for various
reasons associated with optical and mechanical limitations.
Shrinking electronics and computers, the move to sur-
face-mount technology, and the resulting size reduction of
power supplies moved UV-Vis in the right direction. Further
improvements and miniaturization came from the emergence
of high-quality prisms that accommodate more spectral lines
and reduce stray light and dispersion. This advance enabled
monochromators to shrink as well.
The third signi?cant advance came by way of detector
technology. Top-tier UV systems still use photomultiplier
tube (PMT) detectors; but silicone diode arrays—while not
UV-Vis Spectroscopy Resource Guide
4Lab Manager
as sensitive as PMTs—allow signi?cant size reductions. The
silicon diode arrays eliminate the need for a moving prism,
so the motors and other mechanical components associated
with rotating the prism are removed. This has allowed for a
signi?cant size reduction.
Such devices always represent a trade-o?: spectrophotom-
eters reduced to shoebox size invariably lose resolution and
sensitivity—but this may not always be a serious issue. The
ability to run o? a battery, and to bring the unit to the sample,
is advantageous in many situations when compared to a su-
persensitive system with software that does everything. That
is not to say that quality and portability are totally incompat-
ible. Some companies have UV-Vis systems that ?t into a very
small footprint while still having very high absorbance values.
Two possible modes
The availability of UV-Vis detection for microtiter plate
formats has been a boon for high-throughput analytical and
quality control labs. Readings based on absorbance, ?uores-
cence, luminescence, and transmission, as well as sandwich
ELISA-type assays, have greatly expanded analysis capabili-
ties in microliter volumes.
UV-Vis-based microplate readers are now routinely paired
with robotics and automated liquid handling, to the point of
being standard equipment.
By comparison, more standard UV-Vis occurs in cuvettes at
volumes as high as 3 milliliters. Reagent and sample savings at
typical microplate scale may be greater than 90 percent. The
automation component signi?cantly improves throughput and
consistency, while freeing up operators to do other things. In
addition, cuvette-based assays can pretty much only quantify
based on a selected wavelength while microplate readers can
do a lot more and provide many more options.
UV-Vis Spectroscopy Resource Guide
5Lab Manager
Water Purity for
Spectrophotometry
Applications
Not all water is the same
by Andy Tay, PhD
Water is a main solvent of many biological experiments and
assays. Depending on the source (tap, de-ionized, or ultra-?l-
tered), water purity can di?er signi?cantly, which can lead to
downstream di?erences in data reliability and reproducibility.
Water purity is particularly important for spectrophotometry
applications that make use of transmitted or re?ected light to
quantify and characterize biomolecules like oligonucleotides
and proteins that are typically suspended in liquid media.
Spectrophotometry is an important technique in the lab for
detecting and characterizing biomolecules and water puri?ca-
tion is an essential step to generate accurate and reproducible
data from spectrophotometers.
A spectrophotometry primer
A spectrophotometer works by sending a beam of light of a
speci?c wavelength into a cuvette containing the sample of
interest suspended in a water-based solvent. Transmission
spectrophotometers project light through the sample, and
detectors measure the wavelength and quantity of light that
passes through. Re?ectance spectrophotometers project light
onto samples and measure the percentage that is re?ected.
When transmitted or re?ectance light heats a photodetector,
it is converted into a current that is electronically ampli?ed,
and values such as absorbance or concentration are then
generated. Spectrophotometry techniques work with di?erent
types of light such as ultraviolet, visible, and infrared light,
although the latter is less common.
Spectrophotometry requires highly
pure water
Water purity is important for spectrophotometry applica-
tions because it is the main solvent in which the biomolecule
or sample of interest is being dissolved or suspended. Poor
quality water may contain contaminants such as bacteria,
endotoxins, and proteases. When water purity is inconsis-
tent, it leads to inaccuracies and poor reproducibility on two
levels. First, transmitted or re?ected light passing through
the cuvettes will di?er signi?cantly across di?erent samples.
Secondly, the presence of contaminants at di?erent levels
may lead to various degrees of sample degradation. There-
fore, high purity water is important for reproducibility in
spectrophotometry applications.
What to look for in water
puri?cation systems
The purpose of water puri?cation systems is to remove con-
taminants from tap water—including inorganic ions, organics,
colloids, gases, bacteria, and proteases. There are a variety of
water puri?cation techniques to choose from to ensure high
quality water for spectrophotometry applications.
Distillation methods utilize heat to evaporate water and
collect the condensate, which aids in removing most con-
taminants except those with lower boiling points than water.
Activated carbon is most e?ective in removing chloride ions
and organic compounds that preferentially bind to carbon.
Ultra?ltration makes use of membranes with pores approx-
imately three nm in diameter to remove large particulates,
while reverse osmosis makes use of membranes with pores
less than one nm for more stringent removal of contaminants
like bacteria larger than the membrane pore size. Ultraviolet
UV-Vis Spectroscopy Resource Guide
6Lab Manager
radiation is useful to eliminate potential living organisms like
bacteria. Most products utilize two or more techniques to
achieve di?erent levels of water purity.
The ?rst step in choosing a water puri?cation system is to
consider the water purity requirement. According to the
National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards,
spectrophotometry and other analytical applications require
Type I water.
There are a variety of water puri?cation products on the mar-
ket to meet the needs of your lab. For a lab with limited space,
physical footprint is an important consideration and products
that are mobile and do not have to be mounted are more
suitable. Scalability should also be considered, as the water
puri?cation system must be able to meet the demand for puri-
?ed water at a su?cient throughput. Some spectrophotometry
experiments such as immunoassays to detect proteins in blood
samples can be sensitive and, in that case, clinical grade water
may even be required.
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What is a calibration curve?
Calibration curves are used to determine the concentration of
an unknown sample, to calculate the limit of detection, and
the limit of quantitation. The curve is created with a set of
samples at a known range of concentrations. The data are
then ?t with a function to enable concentration prediction.
How does a UV-Vis
spectrophotometer work?
The UV-Vis light passes through the sample to the detector. The
transmittance is measured and used to calculate the absorbance.
Step 2: Make the standards for
the calibration curve
Perform a serial dilution
A minimum of ?ve standards are recommended.
Pipette the required volume of standard and solvent into the ?rst
?ask or microtube, then mix. Repeat this process by pipetting
from the previous solution to the new ?ask or microtube and
adding solvent.
Prepare the samples
Transfer the standards and unknown samples to cuvettes. The
unknown samples should have the same buffer and pH as the
standards.
What is an ultraviolet-visible
(UV-Vis) spectrophotometer?
A UV-Vis spectrophotometer measures the transmission and
absorption of light to determine the concentration of an
analyte in solution. It consists of a light source, a wavelength
selector, a detector, and a computer.
Step 1: Make a concentrated
stock solution
Prepare a stock solution of the standard by mixing the solute
with solvent.
Step 4: Plot the data
Plot the data with absorbance on the y-axis and concentration on
the x-axis. Determine the standard deviation and add error bars.
Examine the calibration curve
Examine the plot. It should look linear and have a non-linear
section—the limit of linearity (LOL), a sign that instrumental
detection is nearing saturation.
Step 3: Run the standards
and samples in the
spectrophotometer
Place each standard in the UV-Vis spectrophotometer and
obtain three to ?ve readings each. Repeat with the
unknown samples.
step 5: Fit the data to a linear
regression
Use statistical software to ?t the data to a linear regression. The
output is the equation y = mx + b, where m is slope (the units are
absorbance/µm), and b is the y-intercept (the units are absorbance).
Obtain a coef?cient of determination
The coef?cient of determination (R
2
) evaluates the goodness of ?t.
R
2
is typically between 0.0 and 1.0, with 1.0 being a perfect ?t.
Light Source Dispersive element Sample Detector
900μl
100μl
1 2 3 4 5
100μl
Standard Solvent
100μl
100μl
100μl
Concentration (μM)
Absorbance
5 100 15
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
Limit of linearity
Concentration (μM)
Absorbance
5 100 15
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
y = mx + b
A
step-by-step
guide
Constructing a
Download the
full infographic
compliments of
Lab Manager
Constructing a
Calibration Curve
This guide will describe the process
for preparing a calibration curve,
also known as a standard curve.
Calibration curves are used to
determine the concentration of an
unknown sample, to calculate the
limit of detection, and the limit of
quantitation. The curve is created
with a set of samples at a known
range of concentrations. The data
are then ?t with a function to
enable concentration prediction
UV-Vis Spectroscopy Resource Guide
7Lab Manager
Using
Spectroscopy
to Monitor
Toxicity
Optical spectroscopy provides the potential for a
rapid, cost-effective screening method for toxicity in
contaminated waters
by Mike May, PhD
Holding a di?raction grating in sunlight, I recently explained
to a group of children how it created the rainbow on the side-
walk. That demonstration goes back to 1666, when Sir Isaac
Newton ?rst showed this phenomenon and coined the word
spectrum. To do that, he built a spectroscope, which launched
the ?eld of spectroscopy. Scientists still use this technology
for many applications—such as toxicity monitoring.
Although we are more than 350 years beyond Newton’s ?rst
experiments with optical spectroscopy, it remains a powerful
tool, especially in monitoring environmental toxicity. “Opti-
cal spectroscopy provides the potential for a rapid, cost-e?ec-
tive screening method for toxicity in contaminated waters,”
says David Podgorski, assistant professor of chemistry at the
University of New Orleans in Louisiana. “The method is high
throughput and portable, and the results are readily repro-
ducible in di?erent laboratories.”
With di?erent types of spectroscopy and methods of using it,
many kinds of environmental toxicity can be studied.
Into the wild
Podgorski and his colleagues are trying to design optical
probes that can pick up the wavelengths associated with po-
tentially toxic organic pollutants. This could be implemented
in a ?eld-ready device. “This development will hopefully
provide us with the opportunity to screen for toxicity in real
time,” Podgorski notes.
For this research, Podgorski’s team uses a kind of ?uorescence
spectroscopy called excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy.
The organic compounds in many toxic substances, such as
petroleum, strongly emit light. “We have a general under-
standing of the molecular level composition and structure of
compounds with excitation and emission maxima in di?er-
ent regions, even for those in a complex mixture of organic
compounds,” Podgorski explains. “With the help of statistical
methods, such as parallel factor [PARAFAC] analysis, we can
?gure out which components of the organic mixture correlate
with toxicity.”
In a 2018 issue of Environmental Science & Technology, Pod-
gorski and his colleagues applied optical spectroscopy and
PARAFAC to samples of groundwater to look for dissolved
organic matter from oil spills. They concluded that this meth-
odology can be used “in assessing the spatial and temporal
natural attenuation and toxicity of the [dissolved organic
matter] in petroleum-impacted groundwater systems.”
Podgorski’s work shows, it’s not just the spectroscopy technol-
ogy that counts, but also how the data get analyzed. In some
cases, the best devices for analyzing spectroscopy are in a
scientist’s pocket.
Phone it in
Smartphone spectroscopy is a potentially very valuable tool
for toxicity monitoring. For example, a sensor connected to a
UV-Vis Spectroscopy Resource Guide
8Lab Manager
smartphone could capture the absorption of light by contami-
nants in water samples—the concentration of these pollutants
could then be determined.
The capability of a smartphone supports this approach in
many ways, one of which comes from the power of these small
computers. The onboard processing power of the unit enables
full data capture and processing. Smartphone usage could also
create real-time toxicity monitoring across wide ranges and
the ability to track data over time.
It’s not enough to make it possible to monitor toxicity with
spectroscopy—it must also be practical. That might be the
biggest advantage of smartphone-based spectroscopy. The
low cost of these units—in comparison to some tradition-
ally applied laboratory instrumentation—makes smart-
phone-based systems particularly useful in settings with
limited resources.
Resonating with toxicity
It doesn’t take centuries-old technology to put spectroscopy
to work with toxicity. For instance, nuclear magnetic reso-
nance (NMR) is just 80-years-old. Scientists use this method-
ology to study the structure of chemicals and the interactions
of molecules.
In 2014, Andre Simpson, director of the Environmental NMR
Center at the University of Toronto, Scarborough Campus,
and his colleagues wrote in Magnetic Resonance in Chemis-
try: “The practices of current and previous generations have
left behind a legacy of contaminated land and water…Nu-
clear magnetic resonance is arguably the most powerful tool
in modern research, as it provides unprecedented levels of
molecular information on structures and intermolecular and
intramolecular interactions.”
Simpson adds that “the ultimate goal is to understand and
categorize complex stress responses such that, one day, these
molecular ?ngerprints can be used to identify the exact cause
of environmental stress in natural organisms—and even
humans—permitting improved monitoring, targeted remedi-
ation, prevention, and policy measures.”
Tomorrow’s scientists will surely ?nd ways to further advance
what Newton started. As I watched the children marvel at the
rainbow on the concrete, I wondered whether one of those fu-
ture scientists was crowded around me. Sometimes, all it takes
to move science ahead is taking the time to look at nature and
using that experience in new ways. As we all know, you can
learn a lot from a rainbow.
UV-Vis Spectroscopy Resource Guide
9Lab Manager
How UV-Vis
Devices Reveal
More of Nature
From anywhere on earth to outer space, these
portable devices reveal more of nature
by Mike May, PhD
Light absorbed or emitted in nature reveals information about
objects in, on, and around Earth—even into space. To analyze
atmospheres and objects, scientists use both UV and Vis light,
which have wavelengths of 10-400 and 380-740 nm, respec-
tively. Portable tools to detect these wavelengths provide even
more information, because a scientist can take the device
where it’s needed.
Some scientists make use of UV-Vis devices across their
careers. Kimberly Strong, professor and chair of the de-
partment of physics at the University of Toronto, ?rst used
UV-Vis spectrometers in 1992. She started using UV-Vis
detection during her post-doctoral work at the University
of Cambridge and York University, and she continues to
use this technology in many di?erent ways. As she says, “I
have worked with ground-based, balloon-borne, and satel-
lite-based UV-Vis instruments.”
Other scientists also bene?t from portable options. The func-
tionality of a portable device depends on the application. The
portability of commercial devices ranges from being easy to
move around to being handheld. In some cases, any mobility
is enough; other times, scientists really need a UV-Vis device
that can be carried in one hand.
The right ?t for the project
When asked why she picked UV-Vis detection, Strong says,
“The UV-Vis spectral range includes absorption features of
a number of trace gases, making it well suited for retrieving
their atmospheric abundance from atmospheric absorption
spectra.” As examples of trace gases, she mentions ozone,
several halogen gases involved in ozone chemistry, nitrogen
dioxide, and several other gases that a?ect air quality, as well
as aerosols. “UV-Vis instruments are relatively compact, mak-
ing them suitable for deployment on high-altitude balloons
and satellite platforms, as well as on the ground as part of
long-term global networks, such as the Network for the De-
tection of Atmospheric Composition Change and the Aerosol
Robotic Network, AERONET,” Strong explains.
Some scientists use this technology for items on or in the
earth—items like gemstones. These scientists use the spec-
trum to learn more about these stones. The analysis can help
identify the stones material, infer how a stone has been treat-
ed, and may even help deduce the geographic origin.
Picking a product
In selecting the right portable UV-Vis device, start by know-
ing how you plan to use it. “Know your measurement require-
ments,” Strong says. As she points out, this should include the
required spectral range, spectral resolution, spectral stability,
integration time, measurement frequency, temperature stabil-
ity, and factors associated with the type of detector—includ-
ing quantum e?ciency, signal-to-noise ratio, and cooling.
“There are trade-o?s between handheld UV-Vis devices and
larger UV-Vis spectrometers,” Strong says. “Each has its ben-
e?ts and disadvantages.” In some situations, companies may
develop a custom solution.
UV-Vis Spectroscopy Resource Guide
10Lab Manager
Overall, it is important to buy quality—that includes devices
with very sensitive detectors and excitation lamps with a
broad and strong emission spectrum.
The unknown
To me, a biologist with experience in the ?eld and the lab, the
possible uses of a portable UV-Vis detector are endless. It gets
even better if the device is handheld—something that I can
take with me and aim at whatever I see.
What light do di?erent plants re?ect? How about bird feath-
ers? What about insects? There is nothing in nature that I
can’t point the device at and learn something. What will I
learn? I’m not sure, but it’s a perfect tool for exploring. Any
number of spectral readings from nature could trigger more
questions, followed by experiments.
When a scientist needs to make UV-Vis measurements in the
?eld, portability really matters. It’s not always possible to drag
a big instrument to a site. Maybe a portable UV-Vis spec-
trometer is not as sensitive as a lab-based one. Maybe it lacks
some of the fancy features that a bigger device delivers. But a
scientist can take this device to the samples.
Those samples range from gases in outer space, to gems
around the world, and anything else in between. Some of the
most exciting results might come from the completely un-
known. Decades ago, Tom Eisner, the late chemical ecologist
from Cornell University (Ithaca, NY), showed that insects
home in on ?owers by seeing UV patterns that look like a tar-
get. Who knows what else nature can teach us when scientists
look deeper into places and things with UV-Vis spectroscopy.
UV-Vis Spectroscopy Resource Guide
11Lab Manager
UV-Vis
Spectrophotometers
for Building Better
Beverages
Technology that analyzes the UV and visible
spectrum helps manufacturers make just the
right beverages
by Mike May, PhD
UV-Vis spectroscopy is “a very simple and inexpensive
analytical technique that is easily found in routine laborato-
ries and industries,” says Paulo Henrique Diniz, professor of
analytical chemistry at the Universidade Federal do Oeste da
Bahia in Brazil.
Diniz and his colleagues use UV-Vis spectroscopy to analyze
tea. As he explains: “Simple tea infusions prepared in boiling
water alone—simulating a homemade cup of tea—were an-
alyzed, which provides a simpler, faster, and more a?ordable
approach to traditional tea quality evaluations.”
Diniz doesn’t think that UV-Vis can be used in every case.
“We know that food and beverages are very complex matrices,
and normally require the use of more sophisticated analytical
techniques, such as liquid or gas chromatography and mass
spectrometry, to evaluate their quality,” he says. With tea,
UV-Vis spectroscopy is “a very useful alternative.”
Improving the process
When producing beverages, the traditional approach involves
building a batch from a recipe—adding so much of this and
that until the beverage contains all the ingredients in the
appropriate amounts—and then decanting the ?nal product
into containers. Now, beverage makers can inject components
during production and use UV-Vis technology to adjust the
mixture in real time—providing a more consistent product.
UV technology is often used with energy drinks to determine
the concentration of ca?eine. Similar measurements might
be made when manufacturing cola. This product is made
by adding ca?eine powder to a liquid—UV-Vis can be used
to make sure the ca?eine is fully dissolved and at the right
concentration.
The UV-Vis analysis, though, will always be part of a larger
system whose purpose is to provide automation. Therefore,
the analytical hardware needs connectivity to the centralized
supervisory systems.
Better bar beverages
To assess the color of beer or wine, many companies use UV-
Vis technology. These beverages make up very large markets.
After water and tea, beer is the most consumed beverage in
the world.
There are good reasons that these industries turn to UV-Vis
spectroscopy. UV-Vis is typically chosen for its simplicity
and speed over chromatography—the downside is that there
is some chemistry that must be performed prior to analysis.
But for other applications—such as color—the measurement
UV-Vis Spectroscopy Resource Guide
12Lab Manager
is very fast, no sample preparation is required and the results
are obtained in seconds.
The low cost of a UV-Vis spectrometer also encourages its
use, and some platforms perform the process more easily than
in the past. Array-based platforms, for example, can collect
readings from multiple wavelengths at the same time while
conventional UV-Vis instruments must measure each wave-
length sequentially.
Brewers can also use UV-Vis spectroscopy for analysis of
other features of beer, including components in the beverage.
To balance the bitterness of a hoppy beer—like an IPA—sug-
ars are extracted from the barley during the mashing process.
The total sugars in the resulting wort or in the beer itself can
be measured with UV-Vis spectroscopy.
During production, one question asked by brewers is how to
identify when the fermentation process is complete. UV-Vis
can detect diacetyl-2,3-butanedione and 2,3-pentanedione.
The presence of these compounds indicates the completion
of brewing.
Maintaining the measurements
To get the right results with UV-Vis spectroscopy the instru-
ment must be kept clean and stable since lots of photometric
devices drift. Some companies produce instrumentation with
anti-drift techniques to combat this.
The equipment selected must also stand up to the environ-
ment where it is needed. For example, it can be di?cult to
place UV-Vis sensors in the necessary spots on beverage lines
that are sterilized in place.
In some cases, a solution might have more than one material
that absorbs light at a particular wavelength—so that you
can’t tell which is which. In this situation, more than one UV-
Vis system may be required.
Ultimately, the key is to get the right stu? for your space
and needs.
UV-Vis Spectroscopy Resource Guide
Product Spotlight
EzDrop 1000C Micro-Volume/Cuvette UV-Vis Spectrophotometer
EzDrop 1000C Micro-Volume/Cuvette UV-Vis
Spectrophotometer helps you make the most of
your precious samples and time by providing
measurements within three seconds. The
instrument offers dual modes for micro-volume
and cuvette detection, as well as an intuitive
touch screen for easy operation. These features
combine to meet a wide range of nucleic acid
and protein quanti?cation requirements. EzDrop
1000C can be used as a standalone unit or
connected to a PC for increased ?exibility in the
sample-to-data process.
LEARN MORE
14Lab Manager
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UV-Vis Spectroscopy Resource Guide
