Similar to using Python or Java to write code for a computer, chemists soon could be able to use a structured set of instructions to “program” how DNA molecules interact in a test tube or cell.
Imagine millions of jigsaw puzzle pieces scattered across a football field, with too few people and too little time available to assemble the picture. Scientists in the new but fast-growing field of computational genomics are facing a similar dilemma.
Chemists from North Carolina State University have performed a DNA-based logic-gate operation within a human cell. The research may pave the way to more complicated computations in live cells, as well as new methods of disease detection and treatment.
In the early 1990s, an international effort was launched by the U.S. Department of Energy and the National Institutes of Health to sequence the human genome. The project took 13 years, involved many scientists in several countries, and cost $2.7 billion (in FY 1991) dollars.
Processing DNA samples can be a time consuming and expensive process. If degradation occurs during any of the steps, the process must start over. Before you begin, make sure that the DNA is free of RNA and protein contamination.
All contemporary, as well as NextGen and Third Generation sequencing methodologies are dependent on the generation of DNA fragments from initial MegaBase long chromosomal DNA molecules. General requirements are that such fragments have to be random and of similar size.